Information Measures Based on T-Spherical Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications in Decision Making and Pattern Recognition

The T-spherical fuzzy set (TSFS) is a modification of the (FS), intuitionistic (IFS), Pythagorean (PyFS), q-rung orthopair (q-ROFS), and picture (PFS), with three characteristic functions: membership degree (MD) denoted by S, nonmembership (NMD) D, abstinence (AD) I. It can be used to solve problems uncertain information no restrictions. distance measure (DM) tool that sums up difference between points, while similarity (SM) method applied calculate objects within an interval [0,1]. current work aims introduce novel DMs SMs in environment TSFSs show limitations previously defined SMs. suggested provide more room for all degrees selected without restriction. We investigated effectiveness proposed applying pattern-recognition technique, we determined their applicability multicriteria decision making (MCDM) using numerical examples. newly are briefly compared existing SMs, appropriate conclusions drawn.